Hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HABP) and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VABP) are among the most common and serious infections occurring in hospitalized patients.1-3 The mortality rate for HABP and VABP ranges between 20% and 50%4,5 and can reach 75% in specific settings or when caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens.1,6,7
The primary causative pathogens tend to be gram-negative species such as